Methyl 3-Hydroxybenzoate is the methyl ester of 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, the meta isomer of the far more widely known methylparaben. In the laboratory, this compound serves primarily as a non-heterocyclic building block for organic synthesis, providing a benzene ring that carries a phenolic hydroxyl group and a methyl ester group in the meta relationship to one another. That arrangement opens routes to a wide range of doubly substituted aromatic derivatives that are difficult to obtain directly from other starting materials, which is why the compound appears regularly in synthetic routes across medicinal chemistry, materials chemistry, and ligand research.
The property that drives its selection is the meta substitution pattern, which differs sharply from that of the para isomer. The meta position alters the distribution of electron density around the ring, so the reactivity of the phenol group toward alkylation, acylation, and coupling reactions is different, as is the selectivity of any subsequent aromatic substitution. The methyl ester group is readily hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid or converted through aminolysis into an amide, giving synthetic planners considerable flexibility. Differences in polarity and hydrogen bonding between the meta and para isomers are also reflected in chromatographic retention times, which makes the compound straightforward to distinguish analytically.
In Indonesian laboratories, Methyl 3-Hydroxybenzoate is typically found in university and institutional organic synthesis groups, in medicinal chemistry programmes building substituted aromatic scaffolds, and in materials research where a bifunctional aromatic unit is needed. It is also used as a reference substance in chromatographic method development, where analysts need a defined meta-substituted benzoate to verify separation from closely related positional isomers before a method is applied to real samples.
- Multi-step organic synthesis: the compound supplies a meta-disubstituted aromatic core whose phenol and ester groups can be modified independently, giving chemists two orthogonal handles on a single ring.
- Medicinal chemistry scaffold preparation: researchers exploit the meta geometry to build substituted aromatic fragments whose spatial arrangement differs meaningfully from the more common para-substituted analogues used in screening libraries.
- Ligand design and coordination studies: the phenolic hydroxyl group, after suitable derivatisation, contributes to donor frameworks, while the ester group can be hydrolysed to a carboxylate for metal binding.
- Materials chemistry research: the bifunctional aromatic structure serves as a monomer precursor or linker unit where controlled meta connectivity influences the geometry of the resulting molecular architecture.
- Chromatographic method development: the distinct polarity and hydrogen bonding behaviour of this isomer make it a useful test compound for confirming that a method resolves positional isomers correctly.
| Brand | TCI |
|---|---|
| CAS number | 19438-10-9 |
| Molecular formula | — |
| Purity | — |
| Category | Chemistry > Building Blocks > Non-Heterocyclic Building Blocks |
| Pack sizes | available in standard TCI research and laboratory pack sizes; please confirm the exact size when ordering |
| Physical form | — |
| Storage | store in a cool, dry place in a tightly closed container, protected from light |
- Catalogue number: H0215
Store Methyl 3-Hydroxybenzoate in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area in its original tightly closed container, kept away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and strong oxidising agents. Amber glass or the supplier's original packaging is suitable, and containers should be resealed promptly after each use to limit exposure to moisture and air. Handle the material in a fume hood or other well-ventilated workspace, and wear standard laboratory personal protective equipment including safety glasses, gloves, and a laboratory coat. Avoid generating or inhaling dust, prevent contact with skin and eyes, and wash hands thoroughly after handling. Always consult the manufacturer's Safety Data Sheet before use, and dispose of residues and contaminated materials in accordance with applicable laboratory waste procedures.
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