2BrPTZPA, or (4-(3,7-dibromo-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid, is a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) molecule for hole transport and hole extraction layers in inverted (p-i-n) perovskite solar cells and NFA-polymer organic solar cells. Each molecule carries a phosphonic acid anchoring head, a four-carbon butyl spacer and a 3,7-dibromo-10H-phenothiazine end group. It is closely related to Br-2EPT, which differs only in having a two-carbon spacer.
Phenothiazine is an electron-donating unit that can be viewed as carbazole containing an electron-rich sulfur atom. SAMs ending in phenothiazine allow tuning of the HOMO level and support the growth of high-quality perovskite crystals with strong vertical continuity and no discernible grain boundaries. The sulfur can also coordinate with Pb2+ in the perovskite, giving a passivation effect that improves efficiency and stability. Used as the hole selective monolayer between ITO and perovskite, 2BrPTZPA has delivered a PCE of 22.06%.
As a replacement for PEDOT:PSS, it can be deposited from solution at low concentrations such as 1 mM. Supplied as a blue powder or crystals with purity above 98% (HPLC).
- Hole selective contact monolayer between the ITO anode and the perovskite layer in p-i-n perovskite solar cells.
- Hole transport or extraction layer in NFA-polymer organic solar cells.
- Solution-processed alternative to PEDOT:PSS in organic and perovskite photovoltaics.
- Research on phenothiazine-based self-assembled monolayers and HOMO level tuning.
| Brand | Ossila |
|---|---|
| CAS number | 2913184-53-7 |
| Molecular formula | C16H16Br2NO3PS |
| Purity | > 98% (HPLC) |
| Category | — |
| Pack sizes | 250 mg, 500 mg, 1 g, 5 g |
| Physical form | Blue powder/crystals |
| Storage | — |
- Product code: M2459A1
- Molecular Weight: 493.15 g/mol
- Absorption: λ max (319 nm in THF, 324 nm in film)
- HOMO/LUMO: HOMO = 5.51 eV, LUMO = 2.52 eV
- Melting Point: Td = 234 °C
- Synonyms: Br-4BPT, 2Br-4PAPT
- Typical Solvents: THF, ethanol, methanol, IPA, DMF
- Typical Concentration: 1 mM (0.493 mg/ml) or 1.0 mg/ml
An MSDS is available for this material. A typical film is made by spin-coating 30 uL of a 1.0 mg/ml THF solution for 30 s at 3000 rpm, followed by annealing for 10 min at 100 ℃. Other common solvents are ethanol, methanol, IPA and DMF.
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