4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzaldehyde (TCI C1165, CAS 16588-34-4) is a trifunctional aromatic building block combining an aldehyde, a nitro group, and an activated aryl chloride. The strongly electron-withdrawing nitro group activates the neighbouring chloride toward nucleophilic aromatic substitution with amines, thiols, and alkoxides. Subsequent reduction of the nitro group opens efficient routes to benzimidazoles, quinoxalines, and other fused heterocycles, while the aldehyde supports Schiff base and Knoevenagel chemistry. Supplied in 5 g and 25 g packs, this nitroaromatic solid must be handled in a fume hood and stored sealed, cool, and away from heat and strong reducing agents.
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