Carbonyl(dihydrido)tris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) TCI C2251

Chemical Identity

CAS No.: 25360-32-1
PubChem: CID 15303102·SID 87560473
Formula: C55H47OP3Ru
Molecular weight: 917.97 g/mol

Full identifiers (IUPAC, SMILES, InChIKey)

IUPAC: formaldehyde;ruthenium dihydride;tris(triphenylphosphane)
SMILES: C=O.C1=CC=C(C=C1)P(C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3.C1=CC=C(C=C1)P(C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3.C1=CC=C(C=C1)P(C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3.[RuH2]
InChIKey: CEEYDFHDINQLNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
MDL: MDL00015870

Rp 1.458.450,00

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Berat 250mg 1g

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TCI C2251 Carbonyl(dihydrido)tris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) is a low-valent ruthenium complex bearing one carbonyl ligand, two hydride ligands, and three triphenylphosphine ligands around the metal centre. It is one of the best known catalysts in C–H bond activation chemistry, particularly as the catalyst for the Murai reaction, which allows aromatic C–H bonds to be added directly across olefins with the assistance of a directing group. In modern synthetic laboratories, a catalyst of this kind opens routes to carbon–carbon bond formation without first having to install a leaving group or prepare a stoichiometric organometallic reagent.

The advantage that makes this complex the preferred choice lies in its two hydride ligands, which are readily released to generate a coordinatively unsaturated ruthenium species that is highly active within the catalytic cycle. The carbonyl ligand stabilises the metal centre in a low oxidation state, while the triphenylphosphine ligands supply electron density together with the steric bulk that governs reaction selectivity. This combination yields a catalyst with high activity at low loading and good functional group tolerance, so complex substrates can be carried through a coupling step without extensive protecting-group strategies.

As a solid, the complex can be handled briefly in air, which makes it practical for use in Indonesian research laboratories, university organic synthesis groups, and industrial R&D units that do not operate a glovebox for every procedure. It is typically weighed out for directed C–H functionalisation experiments, method development work, and the preparation of intermediates on a research scale, where a well-characterised commercial catalyst removes the need to prepare a ruthenium precursor in-house.

Advantages (TCI brochure)

Catalyzes direct addition of aromatic ketone C-H bonds to olefins
Used in catalytic amount, no halogenated compounds needed

TCI brochures (PDF)

C-H Bond Activation Reaction 2025-06-20 · p. 2
Transition Metal Catalysts 2026-04-10 · p. 8

Related TCI products

Murai reaction catalysis: the complex is the classical catalyst for directed addition of aromatic C–H bonds to olefins, giving reliable conversion under established, widely reproduced reaction conditions.
Directed C–H functionalisation studies: the coordinatively unsaturated ruthenium species formed after hydride loss engages substrates bearing directing groups, enabling regioselective bond formation on aromatic rings.
Carbon–carbon bond construction: researchers use it to couple fragments without preparing leaving groups or stoichiometric organometallic reagents, shortening synthetic sequences and reducing overall waste generation.
Synthetic methodology development: its high activity at low catalyst loading makes it a useful benchmark when screening new directing groups, olefin partners, or solvent and temperature regimes.
Preparation of functionalised intermediates: good functional group tolerance allows elaborate substrates to be carried through a catalytic step without extensive protection and deprotection sequences beforehand.

From the TCI brochure

Direct addition of C-H bonds of aromatic ketones to olefins

Brand	TCI, product code C2251
CAS number	25360-32-1
Molecular formula	—
Purity	—
Category	Chemistry > Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry > C-H Activation [Catalysis]
Pack sizes	available in the catalogue pack sizes offered by TCI for this product code
Physical form	solid
Storage	keep in a tightly closed container, cool and away from air and moisture for long-term storage

Data from the TCI brochure

Loading katalis	2 mol% (Toluene, reflux, 2 h)

Source: TCI brochure R5107 (2025-06-20)

Store the complex in its original tightly closed container, in a cool, dry place away from light, oxidising agents, and sources of ignition. Although the solid can be handled briefly in air, prolonged exposure to air and moisture should be avoided; for long-term storage keep the container sealed, and use inert gas protection or a glovebox when transferring material for sensitive catalytic work. Weigh and handle the compound in a fume hood while wearing safety glasses, gloves, and a laboratory coat. Close the container immediately after use, label all transfer vessels clearly, and dispose of residues and contaminated consumables as chemical waste in accordance with the applicable institutional procedures.

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