Collection: Imidazolinium Salts, Cyclic Alkyl Amino Carbene (CAAC) Precursors [Carbon-Donor Ligands]

Imidazolinium Salts, Cyclic Alkyl Amino Carbene (CAAC) Precursors [Carbon-Donor Ligands] — includes imidazolinium salts and cyclic alkyl amino carbene (CAAC) precursors that serve as the starting point for N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands after deprotonation by a strong base. Bulky aryl or alkyl substituents on the nitrogen control the steric and electronic properties of the resulting carbene for coordination with transition metals.

These imidazolinium salts are deprotonated and reacted with bases such as potassium tert-butoxide to generate the free carbene in situ, which is then coordinated with metal precursors such as palladium, nickel, or ruthenium as catalysts in cross-coupling reactions, olefin metathesis, and hydrogenation. Organometallic chemists exploit variations in the substituents of these ligands to tune selectivity and catalytic activity in various synthetic transformations.

Example products in this collection: TCI B3158 173035-10-4 1,3-Bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazolinium Chloride, TCI B6045 245679-18-9 1,3-Dimesityl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium Tetrafluoroborate, TCI B3157 258278-25-0 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolinium Chloride, TCI B6281 1062158-66-0 3-[2,6-Bis(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cycloheptathiazolium Perchlorate, TCI P1816 263874-05-1 1,1'-(2,6-Pyridinediyl)bis(3-methylimidazolium) Dibromide, TCI C3429 1228185-09-8 2-Chloro-1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1H-imidazolium Chloride, TCI M3036 244193-48-4 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate, TCI C3444 153433-26-2 2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium Tetrafluoroborate.

Pay attention to the type of nitrogen substituent (symmetric or unsymmetric aryl), the type of counter-anion (chloride, bromide, tetrafluoroborate), as well as purity and water content, since they affect the efficiency of free carbene formation. All products are genuine Tokyo Chemical Industry (TCI) Japan products, with purity, packaging, and storage conditions listed on the page of each item.

Other parallel categories under N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Ligands [Cross-coupling Reaction using Transition Metal Catalysts], often used together in one laboratory workflow:

• N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-CO2 Adducts and NHC-HCO3 Salts [Carbon-Donor Ligands]
• Stable Carbenes [Carbon-Donor Ligands]

Back to N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Ligands [Cross-coupling Reaction using Transition Metal Catalysts]. For large-volume procurement, special packaging, or specific grades, contact the AMI Scientific team — the official TCI Japan distributor in Indonesia — to check availability and lead time directly from Japan.